美式英語和英式英語的翻譯有區別嗎？

　　美式英語發展中受歷史文化、地域等因素所影響，與英式英語非常不同，那么今天陪同翻譯公司給大家分享一下美式英語和英式英語翻譯的區別。

　　The development of American English is influenced by historical, cultural, regional and other factors. It is very different from British English. So today, I will share with you the differences between American English and English translation.

　　現今出版市場，出版商為了節約人力和物力，通常只采用一種英譯本，不會依據不同國家的語言習慣進行翻譯。美式英語與英式英語混雜現象很嚴重，甚至會讓讀者產生較大的困惑。有人認為美式英語與英式英語是相通的，同屬于一個語言體系，但若要讀者更好的理解作品，讓譯本更貼近讀者，應采取嚴謹的態度區分，美式英語在拼寫、詞義、語法等方面與英式英語都有諸多不同。

　　In today's publishing market, in order to save manpower and material resources, publishers usually use only one English translation, and do not translate according to the language habits of different countries. The mixing of American English and British English is very serious, which may even cause great confusion to readers. Some people think that American English and British English are interlinked and belong to the same language system. However, if readers want to better understand the works and make the translation closer to the readers, they should adopt a rigorous attitude to distinguish them. American English differs from British English in spelling, meaning and grammar.

　　1、拼寫

　　1, spelling

　　美國人是注重實用的民族，在文字拼寫方面也采取了實用的態度。在美語發展過程中，刪除了單詞拼寫中不發音的一些字母，拼寫不同是兩者的一大差異。

　　Americans are a pragmatic people and have adopted a pragmatic attitude in spelling. In the development of American English, some unspoken letters in spelling have been deleted, and the difference in spelling is a big difference between them.

　　(1)英國英語以-our結尾的單詞，美國英語大多簡化為-or。

　　(1) British English ends with-our, while American English mostly simplifies to-or.

　　(2)英國英語中有些詞以-re結尾，這一結尾在美國英語中往往拼作-er。

　　(2) Some English words end with-re, which is often spelled-er in American English.

　　2、詞義

　　2, word meaning

　　在對語言進行翻譯時，選詞也是很重要的。英美在有些單詞上差異比較明顯，所以針對不同的英語讀者應采取不同的詞匯。目前美式英語與英式英語主要存在同詞異義和同義異詞兩方面的差異。

　　Word selection is also very important in language translation. There are obvious differences in some words between Britain and America, so different vocabulary should be adopted for different English readers. At present, there are two main differences between American English and British English in terms of synonyms and synonyms.

　　(1)有些詞出現在美語中也出現在英語中，但表示不同的概念，翻譯時應該著重區分。

　　(1) Some words appear in American and English, but they represent different concepts, so they should be distinguished in translation.

　　(2)同義異詞是在美式英語和英式英語中用不同的詞來表示同一概念，這類詞使用范圍比較廣泛。

　　(2) Synonyms refer to the use of different words to express the same concept in American English and British English. They are widely used.

　　3、語法

　　3. Grammar

　　語法是組織語句結構的重要參考，英語與美語在語法上存在一些差異。對美式英語和英式英語的語法進行分析對翻譯很有好處。

　　Grammar is an important reference for organizing sentence structure. There are some differences in grammar between English and American. The grammatical analysis of American English and British English is of great benefit to translation.

　　(1)名詞：美國英語將其他詞類名詞化的傾向比英國英語更為明顯，特別是那些帶介詞的短語動詞。

　　(1) Nouns: American English tends to nominalize other parts of speech more obviously than British English, especially those phrasal verbs with prepositions.

　　(2)動詞have,get, make：當動詞have有致使之意時，美國用have，英國對上級用get，對下級用make。英語中的to have是個詞性不明確的動詞。英國人既把它用作助動詞又把它用作實義動詞，美國人則一律將它當作實義動詞來用。

　　(2) Verb have, get, make: When the verb have causative meaning, the United States uses have, the United Kingdom uses get to the superior and make to the subordinate. In English, to have is an ambiguous verb. The English use it as an auxiliary verb and a substantive verb, while the Americans use it as a substantive verb.

　　在文學翻譯中，要讓讀者更好接受作品，就需要對作品進行相應的本地化翻譯，采用相應的習慣用法。對于日常生活中的英文翻譯，可以采用前后一致的原則，統一用同種類別的英文。

　　In literary translation, in order to make the reader accept the work better, it is necessary to translate the work locally and adopt the corresponding idioms. For English translation in daily life, we can adopt the principle of consistency and use the same kind of English.

中譯國際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.